Which gland is referred to as the master gland of the body?

The pituitary gland is referred to as the master gland of the body because it plays a crucial role in regulating the functions of other endocrine glands. It secretes a variety of hormones that influence growth, metabolism, reproduction, and stress response. The hormones produced by the pituitary gland control key processes in the body by either stimulating other glands to release their hormones or by directly affecting various organs and tissues.

For example, the pituitary gland releases growth hormone, which promotes growth and development, and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), which prompts the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones that regulate metabolism. This central role in regulating the endocrine system establishes the pituitary gland as a key player in maintaining homeostasis and overall bodily function.