What is necroscopy commonly referred to as?

Necroscopy is commonly referred to as an autopsy, which is a thorough examination of a deceased individual's body to determine the cause of death and to evaluate any disease or injury present at the time of death. The process involves a variety of techniques, including external inspection, internal examination of organs, and sometimes supplementary tests, such as toxicology studies.

This procedure plays a critical role in medicine by providing valuable information for medical knowledge, understanding disease processes, and sometimes legal investigations. Autopsies can also help in identifying health trends in populations and contributing to public health data. In contrast, the other options listed do not accurately represent the term necroscopy. A physical examination pertains to assessing a living patient, diagnostic testing involves methods to diagnose conditions in living individuals, and treatment evaluation refers to assessing the effectiveness of therapeutic interventions. Each of these areas focuses on living patients rather than the post-mortem analysis central to necroscopy or autopsy.