What is a common oral infection characterized by white patches?

The correct answer is thrush, which is a common oral infection caused by an overgrowth of the fungus Candida. One of the hallmark signs of thrush is the presence of creamy white patches or lesions that can appear on the tongue, inner cheeks, gums, and sometimes even the back of the throat. These white patches may look like cottage cheese and can be painful or slightly uncomfortable, especially when eating or swallowing.

Gingivitis, while common, primarily involves inflammation of the gums and does not typically present with white patches. Oral herpes is caused by the herpes simplex virus and may result in painful sores or blisters, but these would not appear as white patches like those seen in thrush. Canker sores are painful ulcers that can occur in the mouth, but they are usually round or oval and do not appear as white patches either. Understanding the distinct characteristics of thrush helps in recognizing and distinguishing it from other oral conditions.